Youngs 1998 iat for modification for measuring online gaming addiction. The relationship between internet addiction and bulimia in a sample of chinese college students. Young 1998 indicated that the internet itself does not yield internet addiction, but the usage patterns take on an important role in the development of internet use. Adapting youngs internet addiction test for massively. The internet addiction test iat was developed by young 1998 to measure the presence and severity of the internet dependency, in a north. In 1998, young devised an internet addiction test iat to assess symptoms of internet addiction and compulsive behavior in adults. Two hundred and eleven high school students participated in this study and completed the youngs internet addiction test iat, bisbas scales, and several selfadministered questionnaires about.
Text revision was first proposed by kimberly young, phd in her seminal 1996 paper. While this screening test may reveal some of the more pathological aspects of internet and smartphone use, it should not be used as a definitive diagnostic test. Internet addiction is a controversial theorized mental disorder, the existence andor importance of which is still being debated among the psychological community. The internet addiction test iat by kimberly young is one of the most. Exploring the loneliness and internet addiction level of. His research interests include technology in counseling, novel interventions, and technology addictions. Pdf the internet addiction test iat by kimberly young is one of the most. Daviss 2001 cognitivebehavioral model of pathological internet use distinguishes between specific and generalized pathological internet use. Rating scales test for internet addiction disorder iad the internet addiction test iat of kimberly young 1998 was the first validated instrument to assess internet addiction.
Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistic chisquare and t test. Internet addiction is a new and often unrecognized clinical disorder that can cause relational, occupational, and social problems. What is the relationship between internet addiction and anxiety level among students. General strain theory of internet addiction and deviant. The relationship between depression and internet addiction. A questionnaire that existed as a web page was devised. Introduction depressive emotions can lead to subsequent unhealthy behaviors such as internet addiction, especially in female adolescents. The iat is a 20 item, 6 point likert scale with scores ranging from 05 for each item.
Measures the presence and severity of internet and technology addiction, which is now viewed as a clinical disorder, requiring assessment and treatment. Computer addiction can be described as the excessive or compulsive use of the computer which persists despite serious negative consequences for personal, social, or occupational function. In her survey of internet addiction, young designed the internet addiction test iat, which provides a basis for developments. Respondents who had engaged in problem behaviours on sns had high internet addiction test scores young, 1998. Guidelines for avoiding and treating internet addiction.
Pdf validity and reliability study of the internet addiction test. Currently there are at least 5 scales being used most frequently in studies for diagnosing internet addiction or problematic internet use. Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the internet addiction. This is a 20item inventory adapted from young s 2004 parentchild internet addiction test on which participants were asked to rate items on a fivepoint likert scale ranging from never 1 to often 5, covering the degree to which internet use affects daily routines, family relationships, social. However, young 1998 thinks that it could be hazardous to someones mental and physical health if internet is being used excessively. In researching this topic, a valid and reliable assessment instrument is essential. Clinical characteristics and diagnostic confirmation of. A psychometric comparison of the internet addiction test, the. Kimberly youngs initial work on internet addiction ia was pioneering and her early writings on the topic inspired many others to carry out research in the area. Young, 1998 is a 20item scale that measures the presence and severity of internet dependency among adults. Psychometric properties of youngs internet addiction test. Assessing the psychometric properties of the internet addiction test. Negative and positive impact of internet addiction on young. The questionnaires for diagnosis of iad have used items from substance dependence questionnaires, as well as new items related to internet addiction.
Internet addiction test iat the iat was develop by dr. The psychometric properties of the internet addiction test. Bonaventure university and director of the center for internet addiction recovery. The tool encompasses various internet use demeanors and recurrent addiction indicators, with the noteworthy exclusion of tolerance. The test that was developed by young in 1998 and used again in this study to conduct validity. Young university of pittsburgh at bradford published in cyberpsychology and behavior, vol.
However, when the concept of internet addiction was first introduced in a pioneer study by young 1996, it sparked a controversial debate by both. Validity of the internet addiction test for adolescents and. The most commonly used questionnaire is youngs internet addiction test iat young, 1998, which can be found in full in the appendix of this chapter. Another clear conceptualization is made by block, who stated that conceptually, the diagnosis is a compulsiveimpulsive spectrum disorder that involves online andor offline computer usage and consists of at. Demographic factors age, gender and grade of level were examined too. The most commonly used questionnaire is young s internet addiction test iat young, 1998, which can be found in full in the appendix of this chapter. Ia is said to be characterized by uncontrollable and compulsive internet use, resulting in problems such as poor academic. Nov 11, 2014 short internet addiction test siat symptoms of ia were assessed with the german short version of the internet addiction test pawlikowski et al.
Psychometric properties of young internet addiction test. Negative and positive impact of internet addiction on young adults. Validity and reliability study of the internet addiction test. Short communication the evolution of internet addiction. Methodology the population of present study includes students of masters programs 2012 2014 in. The author pioneered the study on internet addiction, developing a structured internet addiction test iat on the basis of the dsmiv criteria diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4 th edition for pathological gambling.
This is a 20item inventory adapted from youngs 2004 parentchild internet addiction test on which participants were asked to rate items on a fivepoint likert scale ranging from never 1 to often 5, covering the degree to which internet use affects daily routines, family relationships, social. It measures internet addiction in mild, moderate and severe addicted level. Negative and positive impact of internet addiction on. Pathological gambling is compared to problematic internet use because of overlapping diagnostic criteria. It includes a 20item questionnaire that is administered to the client by a proctor. Internet addiction is characterized by excessive or poorly controlled preoccupations, urges or behaviours regarding computer use and internet access that lead to impairment or distress. Yiat sf ddi is a 5 point rating scale, with the end points. Is the rate of internet addiction and its relation with anxiety different for male and female students. The result suggests that the level of internet addiction among smjk pei yuan is moderate and tends to minimal. Two crosssectional studies and reconsideration of cutoff points of youngs internet addiction test in japan 2 july 2018 psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, vol. Youngs internet addiction test is the most used psychometric tool used by researchers to assess internet addiction ngai, 2007. The internet addiction test 7 introduction the internet addiction test iat.
How often do you find that you stay online longer than you intended. The emergence of a new clinical disorder kimberly s. Bonaventure university and director of the center for internet addiction recovery, developed the iat to assess symptoms of internet addiction and compulsivity in a variety of test settings. Internet addiction and psychological wellbeing among. Assessing the psychometric properties of the internet.
Two crosssectional studies and reconsideration of cutoff points of young s internet addiction test in japan 2 july 2018 psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, vol. Young cautions against strictly measuring addiction to technology in terms of time, but by how disordered someones life has become because of it. Kimberly young, 1998 and it consist of 20 questions was adopted to evaluate the respondents. Prevalence rate of internet addiction among japanese college students. This study sought to replicate and expand youngsi survey, and to examine the iat more systematically. Kimberly young developed the internet addiction test. Hamilton, castleton, new york vi contents part ii psychotherapy, treatment, and prevention chapter 8 the addictive properties of internet usage 5 david green. The relationship between internet addiction and anxiety.
Therefore, this study utilized the beck depression inventory bdi, which has more. The delphi method was used to develop the questionnaire used for the survey. Within the internet addiction phenomenon, five subtypes have been classified, because the people tipically become addicted to a particular application that acts as a trigger for excessive internet use. Recently, several theorydriven instruments have been created. The internet addiction test iat was created by young 1998 to evaluate the existence and intensity of internet addiction in a north american. Dec 17, 2018 the internet addiction test iat was created by young 1998 to evaluate the existence and intensity of internet addiction in a north american population sample. The internet addiction test iat was created by young 1998 to evaluate the existence and intensity of internet addiction in a north american population sample. Psychometric properties of the internet addiction test in turkish ncbi. As the internet permeates our lives at home, school, and work, this article takes a closer look at how the internet can create marital, academic, and jobrelated problems. As a growing cultural and clinical phenomenon, internet addiction is viewed as a new clinical disorder requiring assessment and treatment. As computers are used with great frequency, detection and diagnosis of internet addiction is often difficult. Young 1998 and greenfield and sutker 1999 describe internet addict. This article outlines a workable definition of internet addiction and as a clinical new phenomenon, explores the major consequences created by internet addiction, including.
Short internet addiction test siat symptoms of ia were assessed with the german short version of the internet addiction test pawlikowski et al. Complications in diagnosing internet addiction notions of technological addictions griffiths, 1996 and computer addiction shotton, 1991 have previously been studied in england. One of the most common diagnostic instruments for internet addiction was proposed by young in 1996. Young, 1998 was developed to measure the presence and severity of. Mannwhitney u test results show that the adults those are using internet. The notion that compulsive or problematic use of the internet is a variant of addictive behaviour is somewhat controversial, however the term internet addiction ia has gained currency beard, 2005, moreno et al. The tool encompasses various internet use demeanors and recurrent addiction indicators, with the noteworthy exclusion of. Internet addiction test iat was developed by young in 1998 and is validated questionnaire which has shown good psychometric properties in iranian society based on. Adapting youngs internet addiction test for massively multiplayer. The concurrent validity of the internet addiction test iat plos.
Young, 1998 the iat is a self report measure consisting of 20 questionsassessing the extent to which internet usage interferes with ones daily routine. A metaanalysis of the reliabilty of youngs internet addiction test constantinos c. Since that time iad has been extensively studied and is indeed, currently under. Based on the internet addiction test iat developed by young 1998, widyanto et al. The iat has high face validity, but it has not been subjected to systematic. Exploring the validity of the internet addiction test for. Prior research has utilized the zung depression inventory zdi and found that moderate to severe rates of depression coexist with pathological internet use. Young, 1998 was developed to measure the presence and severity of internet and technology dependency among adults. Purpose to examine 1 the relationship between depression and healthrelated behaviors and 2 the. Kimberly young launched the first study on internet addiction in 1995, wrote caught in the net in 1998, and has worked ever since to. Symptoms, evaluation, and treatment, young offers some treatment strategies which are already known from the cognitivebehavioral approach.
Concept of internet addiction internet addiction, as an impulse control disorder that does not involve the use of an intoxicating drug and is very similar to pathological gambling b. While this screening test may reveal some of the more pathological aspects of internet and smartphone use, it. How to recognize the signs of internet addiction and a winning strategy for recovery and drs. The condition has attracted increasing attention in the popular media and among researchers, and this attention has paralleled the growth in computer and internet access. A metaanalysis of the reliabilty of youngs internet. How to recognize internet addiction and a winning strategy for recovery. There is growing concern about excessive internet use and whether this can amount to an addiction. The internet addiction test iat, despite its status as the mostused instrument. Following the call to ensure the validity of instruments used to assess users level of internet usage, this study examined the factor structure of the internet addiction testadolescence version iata when applied to a sample of young children in a multicultural society and assessed whether the items in the iata were invariant by gender. Adapting youngs internet addiction test for massively multiplayer online roleplaying game users. Youngs 2015 recent paper on the evolution of internet addiction featured very little european research, and did not consider the main international evidence that. Traits associated with internet addiction in young adults. Despite these problems, people with internet addiction cannot give up internet and they put the internet in the first place in their relationships.